Let’s find out about cryptogams (Cryptogamae) right now.
Cryptogams check with the flowerless and seedless vegetation.
What are cryptogams?
Cryptogams are flowerless and seedless vegetation that’s these vegetation bear no flowers and fruits.
The phrase cryptogams (cryptogamae) means hidden replica. It’s made up of two Greek phrases “kryptos” which suggests hid and “gamos” which suggests marriage. Cryptogams embody all non-seed bearing vegetation.
A.W. Eichler in 1883, labeled the entire plant kingdom into two sub-kingdoms similar to cryptogams and phanerogams. That is the standard of classification of vegetation.
Attribute Options of Cryptogamae:
1. These are decrease vegetation and bear no flowers, seeds and fruits.
2. These reproduce vegetatively, asexually and sexually.
3. Vegetative replica takes place cell division or fragmentation whereas Asexual replica takes place by the technique of spores.
4. Sexual replica takes place by fusion of female and male gametes. Sexual preproduction could be of isogamous, anisogamous and oogamous sort. Isogamy is seen in primitive cryptogams whereas oogamy takes place in superior cryptogams.
5. Superior cryptogams similar to liverworts, mosses, pteridophytes and algae bear alternation of era i.e. these undergo two phases to finish their life cycle. The 2 phases are sporophytic part and gametophytic part.
6. Sporophytic part is characterised by asexual replica whereas in gametophytic part sexual replica takes place.
7. The sporophytic part is the diploid stage whereas the gametophytic part is the haploid stage.
8. The 2 phases happen in alternation i.e. one after the opposite.
Classification of Cryptogamae: Cryptogams are additional divided into 3 teams:
1. Thallophyta
2. Bryophyta
3. Pteridophytes
What are Thyllophyta?
These embody decrease cryptogams similar to algae, fungi, micro organism, slime molds and lichens. These are the best vegetation the place the physique just isn’t differentiated into roots, leaves and stems. The best thallophyte are micro organism. These are aquatic vegetation that may develop in contemporary in addition to marine water. These lack vascular system. Replica could be vegetative by fragmentation, asexual by forming asexual spores and sexually by forming unicellular intercourse organs.
What are Bryophyta?
Bryophyta are photosynthetic thallus-like plant physique with no vascular system. These are terrestrial vegetation with some vegetation being aquatic. These are usually present in damp and moist locations. These embody liverworts, horned liverworts and mosses. These have rhizoids (root like construction) for anchorage.
What are Pteridophytes?
These are photosynthetic vascular vegetation which have nicely differentiated plant physique. These are also referred to as vascular cryptogams. These are most superior of all cryptogams. Pteridophytes embody Ferns, Horsetails and Clubmosses.
Let’s see what we realized.
1. Cryptogams are seedless and flowerless vegetation.
2. Cryptogams are divided into 3 subdivisions: Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta.
3. Thallophyta are the primitive cryptogams which have thallus-like plant physique and are aquatic.
4. Bryophyta are additionally thallus-like construction that may develop on each land and water.
5. Pteridophyta are superior type of cryptogams which have well-differentiated plant physique with vascular system.
In essentially the most accepted 5 kingdom classifications by Whittaker, micro organism are positioned as a separate kingdom referred to as Kingdom Monera and never included underneath the plantae kingdom. In the identical method, fungi are additionally excluded from plant kingdom and positioned individually as Kingdom Fungi as these lack chlorophylls which is the attribute function of Plantae Kingdom.
Learn Right here: https://www.botanytoday.com/cryptogams-cryptogamae/
Additionally Watch:
Phanerogams: https://youtu.be/j2ObMK8cmZQ
Image Credit score
The photographs used on this video are underneath “Inventive Commons Attribution License” from Flickr. Listed here are reference hyperlinks to picture sources with particular because of their authors.
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/70626035@N00/7983575879
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/70626035@N00/8531950361
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/benetd/1173890352
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/tobybutzon/4217263007
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/mattimattila/5574548852
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/118382614@N04/15379195833
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/niaid/13383560994
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/fdecomite/5564317127
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/7147684@N03/2062679294
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/starr-environmental/24954100732
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/strollers/7579665
https://www.flickr.com/pictures/artdrauglis/1045911452
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